Customizable Fabrication of 2D and Conformal Multielectrode Arrays for 3D Printed Organotypic Bioelectronic Interfaces

    Professor Wai Yee Yeong, Professor Sing Yian Chew, Dr Guo Liang Goh, Dr Jia Min Lee, Chongquan Huang, Ernest Cheah, Wei Qi Jaw, Xinchao Gao

     

     

     

     

    Introduction:

    Conventional multielectrode arrays (MEAs) are typically fabricated using photolithography-based micro-fabrication techniques, which are often costly, time-consuming, and limited in their ability to produce customised geometries that conform to complex 3D tissue structures. In this work, we present a customisable fabrication strategy for 2D and conformal multielectrode arrays using aerosol jet printing (AJP). This additive manufacturing technique enables the direct deposition of conductive materials onto flexible substrates with high precision and design flexibility. The printed MEAs are designed to integrate seamlessly with 3D printed tissue constructs, enabling conformal bioelectronic interfaces capable of recording and stimulating cellular activity. 

     

    Key Highlights:

     

    • Direct printing of gold nanoparticle electrodes onto flexible polyimide substrates enables rapid fabrication and design flexibility compared with conventional photolithography.
    • The AJP-based fabrication process significantly reduces processing time and material waste while maintaining high-resolution electrode patterning.
    • Electrodes modified with PEDOT:PSS coatings exhibit low impedance and high charge injection capacity, enabling stable and efficient electrical stimulation.
    • The printed MEAs support direct deposition of cell-laden hydrogels, demonstrating high cell viability and promoting organised cellular alignment under electrical stimulation.
    • The system successfully records extracellular signals from primary neurons and cardiomyocytes, demonstrating its potential for functional bioelectronic interfaces.
    Conclusion:

     

    Aerosol jet printing enables rapid and customisable fabrication of multielectrode arrays compatible with 3D printed tissue constructs. The printed MEAs demonstrate strong electrochemical performance and reliable electrophysiological recording. This approach provides a versatile platform for future bioelectronic and tissue engineering applications.

     

     

     

    Source:  https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202502757