Published on 02 Feb 2026

China’s relationship with foreign scientific powers is changing rapidly

A study, published in Nature Human Behaviour and co-authored by Cong Cao, a social scientist at the University of Nottingham in Ningbo, China, found that China’s opening in the late 1970s and 1980s brought US and Chinese researchers together, and that Chinese scientists who worked in both countries were more likely to become mid-level or senior researchers at both elite and non-elite universities in China, but that this cross-fertilisation is not reflected in China’s elite science academies. The study’s other authors were historian Jianan Huang and social scientist Hong Liu, both at NTU in Singapore.

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