Dr. Kwoh Chee Keong, PBM PhD, DIC, MSc(ISE), Beng(EE), PGDIG, Sr.MIES, M.ICAAS, M.AMBIS Division of Software & Information Systems Programme Director, MSc (Bioinformatics) Deputy Director, Biomedical Engineering Research Centre (BMERC) School of Computing Engineering Blk N4, #2A-32 Nanyang Avenue Republic of Singapore 639798 Tel: (65) 6790 6057 Fax: (65) 6792 6559 email: asckkwoh@ntu.edu.sg

I think the nicest, most sincere compliments that I have received are those from my students.

Notes from Students and Friends

OPPORTUNITY

Fully Funded Research Positions in Bioinformatics

RF_RA_PO.htm

I am looking for versatile, highly motivated Research Fellow/Pos-doc PhD candidates. The successful candidates will build on the ongoing research directed and will help define and explore this exciting area of research.

Applicants must have a strong background in Computer Science and/or closely related areas (e.g. Mathematics, Computer Science, Bioinformatics, Statistics and Physics) and excellent skills in both written and spoken English, as the working language of the Faculty is English.

For PhD application, please visit the Graduate Studies by Research at NTU before writing. Please note that Ph.D program is a very intensive program and applicant must have strong interest, strong analytical mind, technically sound in the area of data mining, learning theory, algorithms and computer programming. You must be highly independent with good initiatives and aspire to publish in top-tier journals. If you are interested and suitable,

Enquiries about these vacancies can be sent to asckkwoh@ntu.edu.sg (the deadlines are flexible) with with your CV, your proposed research area with at least 3 references (either your own publications or papers that inspired you to do research).

RESEARCH

Recent Research activities

Core-Attachment based Mining for Protein Complexes & Small-molecule Interactions

In this project, we will investigate and develop core-attachment based methods for protein complexes mining. Protein complexes often correspond to dense subgraphs in interactions networks, biologically a protein complex, like a community, often has a core and attachments. Our objective is to formulate the protein complexes mining algorithm that model this inherent organization which has not been previously done.

Aims:

1. To design efficient algorithms to detect protein complexes in PPI networks with modelling of their inherent modularity (core and attachment structure).

2. To predict protein-small-molecule interactions, using a PU learning based technique with our protein complexes discovered from PPI networks.

Genomic assembly and analysis a new multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis scheme for molecular epidemiological typing of Acinetobacter baumannii

To develop a novel multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) scheme for molecular typing of A. baumannii.

To assemble and annotate whole genome sequences of local epidemic A. baumannii isolates.

Constrained Optimzation for Bioinformatics

In the context of constrained optimization, most deterministic algorithms require the first-order derivatives, or the gradient, of the objective and constraint functions in order to determine the feasible directions along which the search shall progress. Although the second-order derivatives, or the Hessian, may also be utilized by methods like SQP, their values can be approximated based on the gradient information, making the gradient central to the deterministic algorithms attempting to solve the constrained optimization problems.

Protein Interaction Network Analysis Using Graph Mining Approaches

Protein complexes play an important role in carrying out the cellular functions by integrating multiple proteins. In this research, we aim to detect protein complexes based on different properties of PPI networks. We proposed a new core-based method to detect protein complexes in PPI networks. Furthermore, since current PPI data are of high noise, we also research into measurement for identifying reliable interactions.

Development of a Computer Prediction System For Rational Design Of HLA-Based Peptide Vaccine

Epitope-based vaccines show great potential in fighting infectious diseases as well as non-communicable diseases. The identification of T-cell epitopes, a crucial step in the design of epitope-based vaccines, is a highly combinatorial problem. Peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is necessary for cellular immune recognition because antigens can only be recognized by T-cells in the form of a peptide complexed by MHC molecules. Experimental approaches for identification of T-cell epitopes are costly, time-consuming, and not applicable to large scale studies. Bioinformatics methods are therefore instrumental for enabling systematic large-scale T-cell epitope mapping. The aim of this work is to aid vaccine targets discovery by combining multiple computational approaches for precise mapping of individual promiscuous T-cell epitopes as well as T-cell epitope hotspots ?the regions in protein antigens that have high concentration of these targets.

Data Mining and Analysis on Infectious Bacteria 

Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) is the leading cause of nosocomial infections in the world has re-emerged with severe community-acquired infections. S.aureus has become increasingly resistant to first-line antibiotics by respective genes acquired through either Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) or mutation. Detection of HGT is thus significant for gene transportability study, epidemiology tracing, and will be a wise precautionary procedure for antibiotic treatment.

Heterogeneous Multi-Core Systems For Bioinformatics

In recent years, processor manufacturers have begun moving in exciting new directions to overcome some of the limitations in current processor architectures. One of the latest developments is the introduction of new heterogeneous multicore architectures, such as the Cell Broadband Engine (BE), which offers tremendous improvement in performance. One of the interesting fields to apply this new technology is bioinformatics, which involves the use of massive data sets and high algorithmic complexities; thus making it very suitable for the multicore architecture. In order to implement efficient and scalable code for this type of architecture, a paradigm shift in applications development and novel programming techniques are required.

MY GRADUATE STUDENTS

1. Wu Min - Joint Mining Of Coherent Patterns Across Multiple Data Sets (PhD, 2006 -2011)
2. Zhang Tianyou - Data Warehousing And Mining Analysis On Infectious Disease (PhD, 2005 - )
3. Stephanus Daniel Handoko - Multilevel Analysis Of Protein-Protein Interactions (PhD, 2006 -)
4. Adrianto Wirawan - Whole-Genome Discovery Of Transcriptional Regulator Binding Sites (PhD, 2005 -2010)
5. Zhang Guanglan- Computational Epitope-Driven Vaccine Design (PhD, 2004 -2008)
6. Zheng Yun- Design Of Gene Expression Networks From Microarray Data (PhD, 2002-2006)
7. Zhao Ying- Efficient Model And Feature Selection For SVM In Biomedical Data Analysis (M Eng, 2002-2004)
8. Zhao Jianhui- Human Animation from Motion Recognition, Analysis and Optimisation ( PhD, 2000-2003)
9. Chen Yintao ?Image Processing For Ultrasound Guidance System In Breast Lump Operation (M Eng, 2000 - 2002)
10. Wang Yan - Image-Based Indexing And Retrieval Of Trademark Logos, (M Eng, 1999 - 2001)
11. Veena Mohan Bhajammanavar - Image Processing Of The Digital Mammogram For Segmentation And Characterization Of Microcalcifications, (M Eng, 1999 - 2000)
12. Misra Sabita - Time Series Analysis Of Ecg For Detection Of Premature Ventricular Contraction (M Eng, 1999 - 2000)
13. Zou Qingsong - Object Based Volume Visualisation For Medical Imaging (PhD, 1998 - 2001)

TEACHING

Planed and lectured subjects in

1. BI6123 Methods and Tools of Proteomics (2007): Proteomics study and identify protein structure, interactions of protein/protein and protein/DNA and biology of organisms. We will further introduce the newly developed technology for the quantitative analysis of protein expression and function on a genome-wide scale.
2. BI1602 and SC448 Introductory Bioinformatics (2005,06): Basic bioinformatics concepts. Databases, tools and applications.
3. BI1603 Computational Biology (2006) Introduce the applications of the techniques of computer science, applied mathematics, and statistics to address problems inspired by biology. Major computational techniques used in biology include: Bayes, HMM, MI etc.
4. BG3011 Biocomputing (2005, 06): Introduction the new course of biocomputing for students in SCBE, the subject is first offered in July 2005; It covers Concepts; Bioinformatics databases; Sequence alignment; Phylogeny and protein structure prediction.
5. BI6104 Biostatistics: First offered in July 2003, this course equipped the students in MSc with Knowledge of statistics, experimental design and statistical learning.
6. Curriculum for MSc in Bioinformatics: From August 2001 to June 2002, I worked with Vice-Dean (Academic) SCE, Head, Natural Science of NIE, Vice-Dean (Academic) of SBS and Professor from MPE and EEE to structure the new MSc in Bioinformatics. 
7. SC104 Mathematics I Fundamental of mathematics for Engineering include statistics and calculus
8. CE307 Computer Peripherals: In 1996 ?2000, re-design the course to include start-of-the-art techniques such as PRML, USB and Bluetooth.
9. M495 & M6524 Medical Assist Surgery (2000-2002): Co-planed and lectured the final year and MSc elective for Biomedical Engineering.
10. Digital Signal Processing (1992): Planed and lectured the final year elective for the computer engineering.

MY PHD THESIS

GRADUATE ADVISORS:  Prof Duncan Fyfe Gillies - Professor of Biomedical Data Analysis, Department of Computing, Imperial College London

My PhD thesis Probabilistic Reasoning From Correlated Objective Data, University of London, Imperial College

PUBLICATIONS (MY BRIEF CV)

Journal Papers

1. Baskaran N, Kwoh CK, Hui KM. Comprehensive Detection of Cancer Gene Expression Profiles and Gene Networks are Impacted by the Choice of Pre-Processing Algorithm and Gene-Selection Method. Aritifical Intelligence in Medicine2011 [PDF].

2. Yang P, Li X, Wu M, Kwoh C-K, Ng S-K. Inferring Gene-Phenotype Associations via Global Protein Complex Network Propagation PLoS ONE2011 [URL]

3. Xie Z, Kwoh C-K, Li X-L, Wu M. Construction of Co-complex Score Matrix for Protein Complex Prediction from AP-MS Data. Bioinformatics2011 [PDF]

4. Zheng Y, Kwoh CK. A Feature Subset Selection Method Based On High-Dimensional Mutual Information. Entropy2011;13(4):860-901. [PDF]

5. Zhang, T., Fu, X., Kwoh, C.K., Xiao, G., Wong, L., Ma, S., Harold Sohe, G., Lee, K.K., Hung, T. and Lees, M. (2011) Temporal factors in school closure policy for mitigating the spread of influenza. Journal of Public Health Policy. [URL]

6. Wu, M., Li, X., Kwoh, C.K., Ng, S.K. and Wong, L. (2011) Discovery of Protein Complexes with Core-Attachment Structures from TAP Data. Journal of Computational Biology. [PDF]

7. Wu, M., Li, X., Chua, H. N., Kwoh, C.-K. & Ng, S.-K. Integrating diverse biological and computational sources for reliable protein-protein interactions. BMC Bioinformatics (2010). [PDF]

8. Wirawan A, Kwoh CK, Schmidt B. Multi Threaded Vectorized Distance Matrix Computation on the Cell/BE and x86/SSE2 Architectures. Bioinformatics2010 March 26, 2010. [PDF]

9. Li X, Wu M, Kwoh C-K, Ng S-K. Computational approaches for detecting protein complexes from protein interaction networks: a survey. BMC Genomics2010;11(Suppl 1):S3. [PDF]

10. Handoko SD, Kwoh CK, Ong YS. Feasibility Structure Modeling: An Effective Chaperon for Constrained Memetic Algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation2009. [PDF]

11. Eisenhaber F, Kwoh C-K, Ng S-K, Sung W-K, Wong. L. Brief Overview of Bioinformatics Activities in Singapore. PLoS Computational Biology2009. [URL]

12. Min Wu, Xiao-Li Li *, Chee-Keong Kwoh and See-Kiong Ng, “A Core-Attachment based Method to Detect Protein Complexes in PPI Networks”, BMC Bioinformatics, Vol 10:169.[PDF]

13. Wirawan, A., et al., High performance protein sequence database scanning on the Cell Broadband Engine. Scientific Programming, 2009. 17(1-2): p. 97-111. [PDF]

14. Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh, Extracting Protein-Protein Interactions from MEDLINE using the Hidden Vector State model. International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and and Applications, 2008. [PDF]

15. Zhang, G.L., et al., Hotspot Hunter: a computational system for large-scale screening and selection of candidate immunological hotspots in pathogen proteomes. BMC Bioinformatics, 2008. [PDF]

16. Wirawan, A., et al., CBESW: Sequence Alignment on the Playstation 3. BMC Bioinformatics, 2008. 9(1): p. 377. [PDF]

17. Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh, Semi-supervised learning of the hidden vector state model for extracting protein–protein ? Artificial Intelligence In Medicine, 2007. [PDF]

18. Zhou, D., Y. He, and C. Kwoh, Semi-supervised learning of the hidden vector state model for Extracting Protein-Protein Interactions. International Journal Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 2007. [PDF]

19. Zhang, G.L., et al., Prediction of Supertype-Specific HLA Class I Binding Peptides Using Support Vector Machines. Journal of Immunological Methods, 2007. 320: p. 143-154. [PDF]

20. Lim, C., et al., Special Report Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Engineering Week (BPE Week) 2006. Journal of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, 2007. 1(1). [PDF]

21. KWOH, C.K. and P.Y. NG, Network Analysis Approach for Biology. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2007. [PDF]

22. CHAN, C.F., et al., VOLUME VISUALIZATION FOR SURGICAL PLANNING SYSTEM Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 2007. 7(1): p. 55-64. [PDF]

23. Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh, Cancer Classification With MicroRNA Expression Patterns Found By An Information Theory Approach. JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS (JCP), 2006. 1(5): p. 30-39. [PDF]

24. Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh, Informative microRNA expression patterns for cancer classification, in Data Mining for Biomedical Applications, Proceedings. 2006, Springer-Verlag Berlin: Berlin. p. 143-154. [PDF]

25. Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh, Dynamic Algorithm for Inferring Qualitative Models of Gene Regulatory Networks. The International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics, 2006. 1(2). [PDF]

26. Zhao, Y. and C.K. Kwoh, Fast Leave-one-out Evaluation Guided Dynamic Gene Selection for Microarray Data Analysis. Soft Computing, 2006. 10(4): p. 346-350. [PDF]

27. Zhao, J., L. Li, and K.C. Keong, MOTION RECOVERY BASED ON FEATURE EXTRACTION FROM 2D IMAGES. COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING AND VISION, 2006. [PDF]

28. Zhang, G.L., et al., PREDTAP: a system for prediction of peptide binding to the human transporter associated with antigen processing. Immunome Research, 2006. 2(1): p. 3. [PDF]

29. Zhao, J., L. Ling, and C.K. Kwoh, 3D Posture Reconstruction and Human Animation from 2D Feature Points. Computer Graphics Forum (CGF), 2005. 24(4). [PDF]

30. Zhou, Z.L. and C.K. Kwoh, The Nearest Feature Midpoint - A Novel Approach for Pattern Classification. International Journal of Information Technology (IJIT), 2005. 11(1): p. 1-15. [PDF]

31. Zhao, J., L. Ling, and C.K. Kwoh, Human Posture Reconstruction and Animation from Monocular Images Based on Genetic Algorithms. International Journal of Image and Graphics, 2005. 5(2): p. 371-396. [PDF]

32. Sakharkar, K.R., et al., u-Genome: A database on genome design in unicellular genomes. In Silico Biology, 2005. 5.[PDF]

33. Teo, M.Y., et al., Development of a Robotic Dispensing System for Radioactive Iodine 131. SGH Proceedings, 2002. 11(1): p. 47-50. [PDF]

34. Kassim, W.S.Ng, and C.K.Kwoh, Review of locomotion techniques for robotic colonoscopy. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 2002. [PDF]

35. Zou, Q., C.K. Kwoh, and W. Ng, Convex object based volume visualization: a formal proof and example. Computers & Graphics, 2001. 25(5): p. 857-873. [PDF]

36. Yeo, S.J., et al., Augmented Reality wtih X-ray Localisation for Total Hip Replacement. SGH Proceedings, 2001. 9(4). [PDF]

37. Ho, G., et al., Computer- Assisted Transurethral Laser Resection Resection of the Prostate (CALRP):Theoretical and Experimental Motion Plan. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 2001. 48(10): p. 1125-1135. [URL]

38. Ho, G., et al., Fundamental studies of transurethral robotic laser resection of the prostate by means of continuous wave Nd:YAG laser using Lasertrode lightguide. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2001. 6(2): p. 244-251. [URL]

39. Ho, G., et al., Experimental study of transurethral robotic laser resection of the prostate using the LaserTrode lightguide. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2001. 6(2): p. 244-251. [URL]

40. Fei, B., et al., The safety issues of medical robotics. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2001. 73(2): p. 183-192. [PDF]

41. Sabita, M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan, A New Technique for Non-linear Time Series Analysis of ECG signal for Detection of Ventricular Premature Beats. Annals of Biomedical Engineering: The Journal of the Biomedical Engineering Society, 2000.

42. Bhajamanavar, V.M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan, Extraction of microcalcifications in a digital mammogram using regional watershed method. Journal of Digital Imaging, 2000. 13(2 Suppl 1): p. 127-130.

43. Tang, S.L., et al., Augmented Reality Systems for Medical Applications. IEEE Transaction, Engineering in Medicine and Biology, 1998. 17(3): p. 49-58. [PDF]

44. Kwoh, C.-K. and D.F. Gillies, Probabilistic reasoning and multiple-expert methodology for correlated objective data. Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 1998. 12(1-2): p. 21-33. [PDF]

45. Kwoh, C.K., et al., Outline of Prostate Boundary using Harmonics Method. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 1998. 36(6): p. 768-771. [PDF]

46. Chan, C., et al., Prostate biopsy using augmented reality 3D visualization. Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 1998. 26(5): p. 415-416. [PDF]

47. Kwoh, C.-K. and D.F. Gillies, Using hidden nodes in Bayesian networks. Artificial Intelligence, 1996. 88(1-2): p. 1-38.[PDF]

Conferences papers and other publications

1.         Wu, M., et al. Semantic labeling to identify reliable interactions in the protein interaction network. in The 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2008). 2008. Shanghai,China.

2.         Nim, T.H., et al. Applications of Heterogeneous Structure of Cell Broadband Engine Architecture for Biological Database Similarity Search. in The 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE 2008). 2008. Shanghai,China.

3.         Handoko, S.D., et al. A Study on Constrained MA Using GA and SQP: Analytical vs. Finite-Difference Gradients. in 2008 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (WCCI 2008). 2008. Hong Kong.

4.         Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh, Training the Hidden Vector State Model from Un-annotated Corpus. LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, 2007.

5.         Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh. Effective Reranking for Extracting Protein-protein Interactions from Biomedical Literature. in InCoB - Sixth International Conference on Bioinformatics 2007. 2007. Hong Kong.

6.         Zhou, D., et al., Ant-MST: An Ant-Based Minimum Spanning Tree for Gene Expression Data Clustering, in Pattern Recognition in Bioinformatics. 2007. p. 198-205.

7.         Zhang, T.Y., C.K. Kwoh, and C.S. Lim. A Comparison of Methods for Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer, with Reference to Resistance Determinant Genes in Staphylococcus aureus in Pattern Recognition for Bioinformatics PRIB 2007. 2007. Singapore.

8.         Zhang, G.L., et al. Hotspot Hunter: a computational system for large-scale screening and selection of candidate immunological hotspots in pathogen proteomes. in InCoB - Sixth International Conference on Bioinformatics 2007. 2007. Hong Kong.

9.         Wirawan, A., C.K. Kwoh, and S. B. Parallel DNA Sequence Alignment on the Cell Broadband Engine. in Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics. 2007. 2007. Gdansk, Poland: Lecture Notes of Computer Science.

10.       Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh. Validating Text Mining Results on Protein-Protein Interactions using Gene Expression Profiles. in The International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering 2006 (ICBPE2006) 2006. Singapore.

11.       Zhou, D., Y. He, and C.K. Kwoh. Extracting Protein-Protein Interactions from the Literature using the Hidden Vector State. in International Conference on Computational Science 2006 (ICCS 2006). 2006. University of Reading, UK: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS).

12.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Informative MicroRNA Expression Patterns For Cancer Classification. in PAKDD2006 BioDM Workshop. 2006.

13.       Zhang, T., C.K. Kwoh, and C. Lim. Studying Genetic Diversity by Mutations for Identification of Methicillin-resistant S.aureus. in The First International Conference on Computational Systems Biology. 2006. Shanghai, China.

14.       Zhang, G.L., et al. Computational Models for Identifying Promiscuous HLA-B7 Binders based on Information Theory and Support Vector Machine. in The International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering 2006 (ICBPE2006) 2006. Singapore.

15.       Zhang, G.L., et al. Performance Evaluation of MULTIEPD1 on Prediction of MHC Class I Binders. in The International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering 2006 (ICBPE2006) 2006. Singapore.

16.       SEAH, S.H., et al. Functional Prediction of Snake Neurotoxins in ICARCV 2006. 2006. Singapore.

17.       Kwoh, C.K. and C.H. Tan. Predition of Shared Regulatory Motifs from Upstream DNA Database for Gallus Gallus. in The International Conference on Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Engineering 2006 (ICBPE2006) 2006. Singapore.

18.       Handoko, S.D., et al. Extreme Learning Machine for Predicting Hla-peptide Binding. in Third International Symposium on Neural Networks (ISNN 2006). 2006. China: Springer.

19.       Zheng, Y.K., Chee Keong. A Feature Vector Selection Method for Cancer Classification. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

20.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Classifying Eukaryotes With The Discrete Function Learning Algorithm. in 3rd Asia-Pacific Bioinformatics Conference, APBC 2005. 2005.

21.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Identifying Simple Discriminatory Gene Vectors with an Information Theory Approach. in IEEE Computational Systems Bioinformatics Conference CSB2005. 2005: IEEE Computer Society Press.

22.       Tan, S.K., Chee Keong. Cytokine Information System and Pathway Visualization. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

23.       Ong, Z.X., J.C. Tay, and C.K. Kwoh. Applying the Clonal Selection Principle to find Flexible Job-Shop Schedules. in International Conference for Artificial Immune Systems (ICARIS 2005). 2005. Banff, Alberta, Canada.

24.       Kwoh, C.K.K., Wui Lim. A Genome-Specific PCR Primer Design Program for Open Reading Frames. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

25.       Kwoh, C.K.H., Jing Ming; Loh, Kok Keong. HaBDiT: a Handy Biological Data Integration Tools. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

26.       Devi, S.S.K., Chee Keong; Kolatkar, Prasanna R. Comparison of Protein-Protein Interaction from Geometry and Biochemistry View with Computation-Driven Data. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

27.       Chan, C.F.I.K.C.L.K., Chee Keong;Ivan Ng, VOLUME VISUALISATION FOR SURGICAL PLANNING SYSTEM. 7TH NTU-SGH SYMPOSIUM 2005, 2005.

28.       Adi, M.Z., Yun; Kwoh, Chee Keong. Development of Correlation Based Feature Selection Method by Predicting the Markov Blanket for Gene Selection Analysis. in International Joint Conference of InCoB, AASBi and KSBI (BIOINFO2005). 2005. Pusan, Korea.

29.       Zhou, Z., J. Li, and C.K. Kwoh. The SVM classification of light regulated Arabidopsis genome expression profiles. in Proc. of Biotech China 2004 - An International Conference. 2004. Beijing, China.

30.       Zhou, Z. and C.K. Kwoh. AN EVOLUTIONARY LINEAGE FOR INTRON LOSS/GAIN IN FIVE EUKAYOTIC GENOMES. in The Fourth International Conference on Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure (BGRS'2004). 2004. [PDF]

31.       Zhou, Z. and C.K.Kwoh. The Pattern Classification Based on the Nearest Feature Midpoints. in International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). 2004. [PDF]

32.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Dynamic Algorithm For Inferring Qualitative Models of Gene Regulatory Networks. in IEEE Computational Systems Bioinformatics Conference, CSB2004. 2004. [PDF]

33.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Reconstructing Boolean Networks from Noisy Gene Expression Data. in Eighth International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, ICARCV 2004. 2004. [PDF]

34.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. IMPROVED MDL SCORE FOR LEARNING OF BAYESIAN NETWORKS. in AISAT 2004 - International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Science and Technology. 2004. [PDF]

35.       Zheng, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. IDENTIFYING DECISION LISTS WITH THE DISCRETE FUNCTION LEARNING ALGORITHM. in AISAT 2004 - International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Science and Technology. 2004. Australia. [PDF]

36.       Zhao, Y. and C.K. Kwoh. Fast Leave-one-out Evaluation and Improvement on Inference for LS-SVMs. in International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). 2004. [PDF]

37.       Zhao, J., L. Li, and C.K. Kwoh. A Model-based Approach for Human Motion Reconstruction from Monocular Images. in 2nd International Conference on Information Technology for Application (ICITA 2004). 2004. [PDF]

38.       Zhao, J., L. Li, and C.K. Kwoh. Human Motion Recovery Based on Extraction of Feature Points from Monocular Images. in ICCVG 2004 - International Conference on Computer Vision and Graphics. 2004. [PDF]

39.       Zhang, Y., et al. The sensitivity and rationality of pairwise linkage disequilibrium measures - a practical analysis. in Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics (GENSIPS). 2004. [PDF]

40.       Zhang, Y., et al. Comparison of four algorithms for haplotype inference problem. in 2nd RECOMB satellite workshop on computational methods for SNPs and Haplotypes. 2004.

41.       Zhang, Y., et al. Application Comparison and Analysis of Computational Methods for Haplotype Inference Problem. in RECOMB2004 workshop. 2004. USA.

42.       Shi, D.M., et al. Augmented Reality Assisted Sinus Surgery. in 1st International Bioengineering Conference. 2004. [PDF]

43.       Jia, Y., et al. INTRON/EXON: Which One Tells Us More About Coding Of Life? ?Evidence From Statistical Analysis Of Length Distribution. in Genomic Signal Processing and Statistics (GENSIPS 2004). 2004.

44.       Jia, Y., et al. Length Distributions Of Exons And Introns Imply The Evolutionary Constraints For Exon/Intron Length. in Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology (RECOMB 2004). 2004.

45.       Eng, Y., C.K. Kwoh, and Z. Zhou. ON THE TWO-LEVEL HYBRID CLUSTERING ALGORITHM. in AISAT 2004 - International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Science and Technology. 2004. [PDF]

46.       Zhou, Z., et al. The SVM classification of light regulated Arabidopsis genome expression profiles. in Joint Singapore-Canada Workshop on "The Interface of Biology with Information Technology". 2003.

47.       Jia, Y., et al. Statistical analysis of symmetric exon sets in eukaryotic genes. in International Conference on Genome Informatics (GIW 2003). 2003.

48.       Zhao, J.H., L. Li, and C.K. Kwoh. Human Posture Reconstruction from Monocular Images. in IASTED international Conference Computer, Graphics and Imaging (CGIM2002). 2002.

49.       Li, L., J.H. Zhao, and C.K. Kwoh. HIERARCHICAL APPROACH FOR HUMAN ANIMATION. in Visualization, Imaging, and Image Processing (VIIP 2002). 2002.

50.       Kwoh, C.K. Life Science Initiatives and Milestones of NTU. in Bioscience Asia 2002. 2002.

51.       Agusanto, K., et al. Photorealistic rendering for augmented reality. in The First IEEE International Augmented Reality Toolkit Workshop (ART02). 2002.

52.       Zou, Q.S., et al. An Internet Based Collaborative Surgical Planning System. in 4th annual NTU-SGH Biomedical Engineering Symposium. 2001.

53.       Zou, Q.S., et al. MRI Head Segmentation for Object Based Volume Visualization. in The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference. 2001.

54.       Zou, Q.S., C.K. Kwoh, and W.S. Ng. A Web Based Collaborative Volume Visualization System. in Proceedings of 15th European Simulation Multiconference. 2001.

55.       Zou, Q.S., C.K. Kwoh, and W.S. Ng. Interactive Surgical Planning Using Context Based Volume Visualization Techniques. in Proceedings of International Workshop on Medical Imaging and Augmented Reality. 2001. [PDF]

56.       Yang, K.Y., et al. Use of augmented reality in acetabular fixation in total hip arthroplasty. in 5th Computer Adided Orthopaedic Surgery (CAOS). 2001.

57.       Xiao, d., et al. Rectal wall structure delineation and broken layer recognition by multigradient field active contour. in The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference (ANZIIS). 2001.

58.       Chen, Y.T., et al. Adaptive Expanding BSnake Model For Extracting Ultrasound Breast Lump Boundary. in The Seventh Australian and New Zealand Intelligent Information Systems Conference (ANZIIS). 2001.

59.       Zou, Q.S., C.K. Kwoh, and W.S. Ng. A Collaborative 3D Volume Visualization Pipeline. in IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

60.       Wang, Y., et al. Boundary Description for Trademark. in Sixth International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV2000). 2000.

61.       Veena and C.K. Kwoh. Mathematical Morphology based Feature Extraction Technique for Classification of Microcalcifications in a Digital Mammogram. in IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

62.       Tan, E.C., D. Xiao, and C.K. Kwoh. Area calculation of medical image onscreen. in Proceedings of IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

63.       Tan, E.C. and C.K. Kwoh. Group-access control of E-medicine records. in Proceedings of IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

64.       Sabita, M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. Complexity measures of ECG signal for detecting a life threatening cardiac arrhythmia. in 10th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (10 ICBME) Biomedical Engineering in the New Millennium: Integration and Breakthroughs. 2000. Singapore.

65.       Sabita, M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. A New Approach for Detecting and Delineation of QRS complex for PVC Detection. in IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

66.       Sabita, M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. A New Technique for Non-linear Time Series Analysis of ECG signal. in 2000 Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society. 2000.

67.       Kwoh, C.K., S.J. Yeo, and S.W. Yung. X-RAY LOCALIZATION FOR TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT. in 3rd NTU-SGH Annual Scientific Symposium. 2000.

68.       Khan, L.A., et al. The image intensifier (II) distortion calibration method in X-ray localization for total hip replacement (THR). in Conference of Society for Computer Applications in Radiology (SCAR). 2000. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

69.       Ho, G., et al. Perspectives of transurethral robotic laser resection of the prostate; Vaporization and coagulation effects with the Nd:YAG laser. in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. 2000. San Jose, CA, USA: Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

70.       Fei, B.W., C.K. Kwoh, and W.S. Ng. The hazard identification and safety insurance control (HISIC) for medical robot. in World Congress on Medial Physics and Biomedical  Engineering, 22nd Annual International Conf. Of IEEE EMBS. 2000.

71.       Chen, Y.T. and C.K. Kwoh. Lesion Boundary Enhancement using Threshold Directed. in IEEE-EMBS Asia-Pacific Conference on Biomedical Engineering. 2000.

72.       Chan, K.L., et al. Nonlinear Techniques for Processing and Analysis of ECG Signals. in Third Annual SGH-NTU Biomedical Engineering Symposium. 2000.

73.       Bhajamanavar, V.M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. Extraction of microcalcifications in a digital mammogram using regional watershed method. in Society for Computer Applications in Radiology (SCAR 2000). 2000.

74.       Bhajamanavar, V.M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. Entropy-based thresholding for detection of microcalcifications in a digital Mammogram. in 14th international congress and Exhibition Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery (CARS 2000). 2000.

75.       Sabita, M., C.K. Kwoh, and S.M. Krishnan. A quantitative method for ECG analysis for PVC detection. in The International Conference on Medical Diagnostic Techniques & Procedures. 1999.

76.       Kwoh, C.K., G.N. Khan, and D.F. Gillies. Automated Endoscope Navigation and Advisory System from Medical Image. in SPIE's Int. Conf. on Physiology and Function from Multidimensional Images (Medical Imaging 1999). 1999. San Diego, California. [PDF]

77.       Khan, L.A., et al. X-ray localization technique for total hip replacement operation in augmented reality for therapy (ART). in 21st IEEE EMBS, 1st EMBS-BMES joint Conference. 1999.

78.       Fei, B.W., C.K. Kwoh, and W.S. Ng. Software design method for medical robot. in 21st IEEE EMBS, 1st EMBS-BMES joint Conference. 1999.

79.       Chee, C.F., et al. Prostate Biopsy using Augmented Reality 3D visualisation. in 18th Southern Biomedical Conference and the 2nd International Conference on Ethical Issues in Biomedical Engineering. 1999.

80.       Chan, C.F., et al. Tessellated surface reconstruction from 2D contours. in Medical Image Computation and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MACCAI), 2nd International Conference. 1999.

81.       Chan, C., et al., Tessellated Surface Reconstruction from 2D Contours, in Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention ?MICCAI?9. 1999. p. 297-307.

82.       Kwoh, C.K., et al. Augmented Reality for Therapy. in Inaugural Biomedical Engineering Symposium of NTU and SGH: Partnering for Healthcare Solutions. 1998. Auditorium, College of Medicine Building, Singapore General Hospital.

83.       Kwoh, C.K., M.Y. Teo, and W.S. Ng. Evalutation of computerised prostate boundary estimation in ultrasound images. in 4th Asian Congress in Urology by Singapore Urological Association and Urological Association of Asia. 1998.

84.       Kwoh, C.K., et al. Safety guidelines for medical robots. in 4th Asian Congress in Urology by Singapore Urological Association and Urological Association of Asia. 1998.

85.       Kwoh, C.K., W.S. Ng, and M.Y. Teo. Computer assisted prostate treatment ?past, present and future. in 4th Asian Congress in Urology by Singapore Urological Association and Urological Association of Asia. 1998.

86.       Kwoh, C.K. Radial Bas-relief (RBR) and Parametrically Deformable Model for Ultrasound Contour Determination. in 4th Asian congress in Urology, organised by Singapore Urological Association and Urological Association of Asia. 1998. Mandarin, Singapore.

87.       Teo, T.T., E.C. Tan, and C.K. Kwoh. Implementation of a 4.8 Kbps CELP Speech Coder on a TMS320C44 Processor Board. in Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Information, Communications & Signal Processing (ICICS '97). 1997.

88.       Kwoh, C.K., et al. ROBOTIC TURP AND TREATMENTS OF BPH. in International College of Surgeons and New Changi Hospital Combined Scientific Meeting. 1997.

89.       Kwoh, C.K., et al. Image guidance for robotic TURP using ultrasound. in International College of Surgeons and New Changi Hospital Combined Scientific Meeting. 1997.

90.       Kwoh, C.K., et al. Interventive Augmented Reality. in International College of Surgeons and New Changi Hospital Combined Scientific Meeting. 1997.

91.       Kwoh, C.K. and D.F. Gillies. Choice of error cost function for training unobservable nodes in Bayesian networks. in Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Knowledge-based Intelligent Electronic Systems. 1997. [PDF]

92.       Kwoh, C.K. and D.F. Gillies. Estimating the Initial Values of Unobservable Variables in Visual Probabilitic Networks. in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference, CAIP 95. 1995. Prague.

93.       Kwoh, C.K. and D.F. Gillies. Using Fourier Information for the Detection of the Lumaen in Endoscope Images. in Proceedings of the IEEE TENCON '94. 1994. [PDF]

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOINFORMATICS

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