Psychology is the science of why people do what they do. While its roots can be traced to philosophical and religious texts that date back thousands of years, the formal, scientific study of psychology began 125 years ago. It is one of the broadest university disciplines, spanning subject matter in the humanities, the natural sciences, and other social sciences. In particular, psychologists study the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behaviour, and one between the environment and behaviour.
Psychologists use the scientific method to conduct both basic and applied research. They serve as consultants to communities and organizations; diagnose and treat people's mental states; assess intelligence and personality. They study how human beings relate to each other and also to machines, and they work to improve these relationships. With the increased globalization that is bringing people together, psychologists bring important knowledge and skills to understanding diverse cultures.
Psychologists traditionally study both normal and abnormal functioning, and they concentrate on behaviours that affect mental functioning and emotional health. For example, they work with business executives, actors, and athletes to reduce stress and improve performance. They advise police on the personality profiles of criminals and they collaborate with educators on school reform. Immediately following a calamity, such as a highway collapse or natural disaster, psychologists help victims and bystanders recover from the trauma of the event.
Most psychologists surveyed say they thoroughly enjoy their work. They cite the variety of daily tasks and the flexibility of their schedules. They are attracted by the exciting changes taking place in the field, from adapting technology to humans to working as part of primary health care teams.
While the study of psychology is ideal for students intending to work in this field, it is also excellent preparation for many other professions.